Amalan Sujud Mencium Kaki Guru Tarekat: Penghormatan Atau Keterlampauan Agama
Practice of Prostrating and Kissing the Feet of the Tariqa Guru: A Respect or an Excessive Religious Act
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/johs.v8i2.261Keywords:
Hadith; Kiss Feet; Honouring; Sufi; Tariqah.Abstract
The followers of the Sufi path often associate their practices through the way of tariqa, particularly in their respect for the shaykh. However, there are those among them who take their reverence for the shaykh or guru to an excessive level. One form of homage is through kissing the feet. This action has become a debated issue on social media, leading to discussions and shifts within different factions. To what extent is the act of kissing the shaykh's feet rooted in and permitted by Islam? This paper aims to identify the relevant sources regarding the issue of kissing the shaykh's feet as a form of respect. The study takes a qualitative approach using library research and data analysis. The data is descriptively analysed thematically. The study's findings indicate that there is no valid evidence supporting the act of kissing the shaykh's feet as a basis for practicing proper etiquette towards the guru. Nevertheless, some scholars permit this act with the condition that it is not done in the manner of prostration and not frequently. However, the view that rejects it is stronger based on religious evidence and local customs. All parties should exercise caution and avoid excessive expressions of actions that could lead to forms of idolatry. Simultaneously, differing viewpoints should be handled harmoniously to reduce endless disputes and harm among various factions.
Downloads
References
Abdul Hayei bin Abdul Sukor. (2005). Shaykh Mursyid Diantara Penghormatan Dan Pendewaan. Jurnal Penyelidikan Islam. 18 (1):127-142.
Abû Dâwud, Sulaymân b. al-Ash‘ath al-Sijistânî al-Azdî. (1979). Sunan Abî Dâwud. Syria: Dâr al-Hadîth.
Adibah Sulaiman@ Mohamad, Mohd Azmir Mohd Nizah, Ahmad Norsyafwan Norawavi. (2019) Konsep Pendidikan Islam: Adab Guru-Pelajar. Jurnal Sains Insani. 4(1):61-67.
Ahmad Qurtubi. (2011). Penghormatan dalam Islam Perspektif Hadis. Skripsi, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah.
al-Azim Abadi, Abu Abdul Rahman. (2011). Aunul Ma’bud Syarhu Sunan Abi Daud. Kaherah. Cetakan Syarikat al-Qudus.
al-Bakistani, Ehsan Elahi Zaheer. (2005). Dira>sa>t fi> Tasa>wuf. T. tmpt: Dar al-Imam Al-Mujadad Lilnashr Wal Tawzi’e.
Al-Dhahabi>, Shams ad-Din Abu Abdillah. (1982). Siya>r A’la>m al-Nubala>’. Syuaib Arnut (pnyt). Beirut: Muassasah Ri>sa>lah.
Al-Nawawi, Abu Zakaria Mahyuddin. (1996). Fata>wa> al-Nawa>wi>. Lubnan: Da>r al-Basha>ir Al-Isla>miah Liltiba>’ah Wal Nashr Wal Tawa>zi’.
Al-Nawawi, Abu Zakaria Mahyuddin. (2002). Al-Majmu’ Sharh{ Al-Muhadhab. Beirut: Da>r Al-Kutu>b Al-Alami.
Al-Nawawi, Abu Zakaria Mahyuddin. (T.th). Raud{atul T{alibin Wal Umda>tul Mufti>n. Beirut: al-Maktab al-Islami>
Al-Qurtubi, Abi ‘Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Abi Bakr. (2006). al- Jami’ li> Ah{ka>m al - Qur’an. Beirut: Muassasah al-Ri>sa>lah.
Al-Tabari, Abu Ja‘far Muhammad Ibn Jarir. 2009. Jami‘al-Baya>n ‘an Ta’wi>l Al-Qur’an. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiah.
Al-Zarnuji, Burhan al-Islam (1981). Ta’lim al-Muta’allim T{ariqa at-Ta’allum. Beirut: Al-Maktab al-Islami>.
Amr Mohamed Sayed Imam, & Mohamed Ebrahim El-Sherbiny Sakr. (2022). Sufism in Malaysia and its impact on the revival of the Islamic Dawah. AL-HIKMAH: International Journal Of Islamic Studies And Human Sciences, 5(1), 124-153. https://doi.org/10.46722/hikmah.v5i1.232
Arora, Khyati. (2022). What does touching feet mean? Know about its significance and scientific reasons. [Online] https://newsroompost.com/lifestyle/what-does-touching-feet-mean-know-about-its-significance-and-scientific-reasons/5096342.html .[diakses pada 3 Ogos 2023].
As Sa’adi, Abdul Malik Abdul Rahman. (2014). Al-Bid’ah Fi> Al-Mafhu>m Al-Isla>mi> Ad- Daqi>q. Jordan: Dar Al-nur Al-Mubayn Lilnasyr Waltawzi.
Asri Yusoff. (2015). Fenomena Cium Kaki Guru, Sujud Kepada Guru, dan Pemujaan Tehadap Kubur Wali. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmii-zwk9OA&t=34s&ab_channel=DarulkautsarStudios [diakses pada 10 Jun 2023].
Binti Nik Fauzi, N. S. ., Hoque, M. ., & Abd Kadir, K. . (2022). Spreading Hadith Maudhu’ Via Information And Communication Technology: Reasons And Suggestions. Journal Of Hadith Studies, 7(1), 160-167. https://doi.org/10.33102/johs.v7i1.189
Eaton, R. (2013). ‘Kiss My Foot,’ Said the King: Firearms, Diplomacy and the Battle for Raichur, 1520. Dlm, R. Eaton, M. Faruqui, D. Gilmartin, & S. Kumar (Eds.), Expanding Frontiers in South Asian and World History: Essays in Honour of John F. Richards (hlmn. 275-298). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X07003289
Ebrahim Desai. (2009). Kissing the hands and feet of the pious. https://askimam.org/public/question_detail/17431 [diakses pada 6 Jun 2023].
Faudzinaim Badaruddin & Muhammad Khairi Mahyuddin, (2021) Autoriti sanad tarekat dan peranannya dalam ilmu tasawuf. International Journal of Islamic Thought ( IJIT ), 20 . pp. 34-44.
Frijhoff, W. T. M. (1991). The kiss sacred and profane: reflections on a cross-cultural confrontation. In A cultural history of gesture from Antiquity to the present-day. With an introduction by Sir Keith Thomas (pp. 210-236). Polity Press.
Ibn ‘Ajibah, Ahmad Ibn Muhammad. (T.th). Ma’arij al-Tas{awwuf ila Haqa’i>q al-Tasawwuf. Maghribi: Darul Baid{a’.
Ibn ‘Askari, Ali bin Al-Hasan. (1995). Ta>rikh Damshi>k. T. tmpt: Dar al-Fikr.
Ibn Hajar Al-Haitami. (T.th). Al-Fatawa al-Fiqhiyyah al-Kubra. T. tmpt. Maktabah al-Islamiyyah.
Ibn Kathir, Ismail Bin Umar. (1990). al-Bida>yah wal Niha>yah. Beirut: Maktabah Al-Ma’a>ri>f.
Ibn Kathir, Ismail Bin Umar. (1994), Tafsir Ibnu Katsir. Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Abdurrahman bin Ishaq Alu Syaikh (ed.). Jakarta: Pustaka Imam Asy-Syafi‘i
Ibn Qayyim, al-Jawzi. (1996). Mada>rij As-Saliki>n. Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al- ‘Arabi. 1/352
Ibn Taimiyyah. (2004). Majmu’ al-Fata>wa>. Madinah Munawwarah: Majma’ Al-Ma>lik Fahd Li>l Tiba>’at Al-Mus{haf Al-Sharif.
Kamal al-Din al-Kasyani. (1992). Mu'ja>m al-Mus{t{alah al-S{u>fiyyah. Kaherah: Dar al-Nafr.
Kamus Dewan. (2017). Edisi keempat, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Khadher Ahmad & Selamat Amir. (2021). Aliran Klasik Dan Moden Dalam Pengajian Tafsir Dan Hadis. Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit Universiti Malaya.
Kharisudin, Aqib. (1997). Al-Hikmah: memahami teosofi tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah. Jakarta:Dunia Ilmu.
Khatib Al-Baghdadi. (2001). Ta>ri>kh Baghda>d. T. Tmpt: Dar Al-Ghurb Al-Islami>.
Marwan Salahudin & Binti Arkumi. (2016). Amalan Tarekat Qadiriyah Wa Naqsyabandiyah sebagai proses pendidikan jiwa di Masjid Babul Muttaqin Desa Kradenan Jetis Ponorogo. Esoterik: Jurnal Akhlak dan Tasawuf, 2 (1), 65-79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/esoterik.v2i1.1619
Maulana Syah Waris Hasan. (2002). Bimbingan Bagi Murid Spiritual. Bandung: Penerbit Marja.
Mohd Asri Zainul Abidin. (2013). Bolehkah cium kaki orang alim’?. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bFC1IRfII4c&ab_channel=TVSUNNAH2 [diakses pada 10 Jun 2023].
Mohd Haidhar Kamarzaman. (2018). Tarekat Naqshabandiyyah Khalidiyyah Dan Manhaj Pengamalannya Di Malaysia: Suatu Analisis. Prosiding International Seminar on Islamic Thought (Siri 3): 203-219.
Mohd Khafidz Soroni. (2017). Khidmat ulama hadis terhadap kitab-kitab tasawuf. Jurnal Qalbu (Sept2017): 1-4.
Mohd. Asri Zainul Abidin. (2005). Menilai Tarikat Dan Kesufian Dengan Syariat Allah. Shah Alam: Karya Bestari Sdn. Bhd.
Muhammad Zulkifli. (2013). Metode Ahli Sufi Dalam Menentukan Otentisitas Hadis Menurut Muhaddisin. Skripsi sarjana. Riau: Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim.
Ngatoillah Linnaja. (2018). Internalisasi nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam ajaran Tarekat Qadiriyah Wa Naqsyabandiyah di Pondok Pesantren An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo. Jurnal Paramurobi 1 (2): 53-65.
Nozira Salleh & Fauzinaim Badaruddin. (2018). Sufisme (sufism) dan ahli sufi (the sufis) menurut Inayat Khan (1882-1927). Dlm, Prosiding International Seminar on Islamic Thought (hlmn. 244-251).
Rosdi, A. Z. ., Syed Hassan, S. N. ., Muhamad, N. A. F. ., Mohamad Zainuzi, N. I. H. ., & Mahfuz, M. S. . (2023). Panduan Asas Kaedah Kenal Pasti Status Hadis: Kajian Diskriptif Penggunaan Ensiklopedia Hadis 9 Imam : Basic Methods in Identifying the Status of Hadith: A Descriptive Overview on the Use of Encyclopedia of Hadith of the Nine Imams. Journal Of Hadith Studies, 8(1), 46-54. Retrieved from https://journalofhadith.usim.edu.my/index.php/johs/article/view/225
Rozaimi Ramle. (2022). Bagaimana seorang manusia yang dianggap tok shaykh mursyid tarikat boleh selesa bila orang letakkan kepala di kakinya? Entahlah..sukar saya bayangkan. https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=2306842126125641&ref=sharing[10 Jun 2023].
S{oleh Abd Sa>mi’ al-Azhari. (2009). Al-Thimar al-Da>ni> Sharh Risa>lah Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qairuni. Beirut: Maktabah al-Thaqa>fiyyah. 698
Saleh Al-Fauzan. (2022). Hukm al-anh{ina' litaqbil qadam al'umi – Al-Shaykh Salih Al-Fawzan. [Online] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TcZM29_w5dg&ab_channel=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86 [diakses pada 17 Jun, 2023].
Surina Nayan, Latisha Asmaak Shafie, Mahani Mansor, Mohd. Izwan Osman, Nazira Osman. (2011). Nilai hormat di kalangan pelajar UiTM Perlis terhadap pensyarah (dari perspektif pensyarah). Jurnal Intelek. 6(1): 132-142.
al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad Bin ‘Isa bin Saurah. (1999). Jami’ al-Tirmidhi. Riyadh: Dar Salam Lil Nasyar wa Tauzi’.
Umar Muhammad Noor. (2017). Metode kritik hadith aliran salafi dan sufi moden: satu analisis perbandingan. E-Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Arabic Studies and Islamic Civilization 2017, hlmn. 75-92.
Wazir, R. (2018). Hadis dan Tasawuf: Satu Sorotan Terhadap Sharḥ Al-Taftāzānī ‘Alā Aḥādīth Al-Arba‘Īn Al-Nawawiyyah: Hadith and Tasawuf: A Highlight of Sharḥ Al-Taftāzānī ‘Alā Aḥādīth Al-Arba‘Īn Al-Nawawiyyah. HADIS, 8(15),18-36. https://doi.org/10.53840/hadis.v8i15.13
Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri. (2022). Mencium kaki ibu dan kaki orang soleh. [Online] https://maktabahalbakri.com/998-mencium-kaki-ibu-dan-kaki-orang-soleh/ [diakses pada 6 Jun, 2023].
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of this article will be vested to author(s) and granted the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, unless otherwise stated.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.