Kedudukan Kaedah Talqahu Ummah Bil-Qabūl Dalam Kritikan Hadis : Perspektif Syeikh Abdul Fattah Abu Ghuddah

The Status of the Method Talqī al-Ummah bi al-Qabūl in Hadith Criticism: The Perspective of Shaykh ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ Abū Ghuddah

Abstract

The classification of hadith has long been a subject of scholarly debate, particularly with regard to the methodological principles employed in determining its authoritative status. One of the methods invoked to elevate the rank of a hadith is talqī al-nāṣ bi al-qabūl, a concept referring to the widespread acceptance of a hadith by scholars and the Muslim community across generations. This method has generated considerable discussion among hadith scholars, as it introduces collective scholarly reception as a determinant of hadith status, even in cases where weaknesses are identified in the chain of transmission (isnād). Shaykh ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ Abū Ghuddah, a prominent contemporary hadith scholar, maintains that sustained scholarly acceptance of a hadith may constitute valid grounds for enhancing its status, in line with the methodological approach of certain classical scholars. Nevertheless, this position has elicited divergent responses from other hadith scholars who prioritize rigorous analysis of the isnād and textual content (matn) as the primary criteria for hadith authentication. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the conceptual framework of the talqī al-nāṣ bi al-qabūl method and its implications for hadith criticism from the perspective of Shaykh ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ Abū Ghuddah. Employing a qualitative research design, the study undertakes document analysis of his principal works, particularly those related to the sciences of hadith. In addition, it explores the views of both classical and contemporary scholars regarding the effectiveness of this method in elevating the status of hadith. The findings indicate that talqī al-nāṣ bi al-qabūl functions as a supporting factor in assessing hadith status rather than serving as an independent or exclusive criterion for establishing authenticity. It is hoped that this study will contribute to a clearer understanding of the methodological standing of talqī al-nāṣ bi al-qabūl within hadith studies and its implications for hadith authentication methodologies among Muslim scholars.