المفاضلة بين الرواة عند عبد الله بن المبارك (دراسة نظرية تطبيقية)
The Preferential Evaluation Among Narrators According to Abdullah bin al-Mubārak: A Theoretical and Applied Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/johs.v10i2.392Keywords:
Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak; Ibn al-Mubarak; Preference among Narrators.Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the character of ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak and his methodology in evaluating and preferring among narrators. ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak ibn Wāḍiḥ was Imām, Shaykh al-Islām, the scholar of his time, and the leader of the pious in his era, Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Ḥanẓalī. He was born in the year 118 AH and died in 188 AH. He began seeking knowledge at the age of twenty. This study employs a qualitative method, using a library research approach for data collection. The data obtained are secondary sources, including contemporary articles, books, and classical heritage texts. For data analysis, the study uses a descriptive-analytical method and draws conclusions based on an inductive conceptual approach.The study concludes that ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak utilized various expressions of preference among narrators, such as: afḍal (better), aʿlam (more knowledgeable), irtafaʿa (more elevated), arwā (more prolific in narration), aḥfaẓ (more precise in memorization), aʿbad (more devout), awraʿ (more pious), afqah (more versed in jurisprudence), and aṣaḥḥ (more authentic), in addition to negative formulations. He preferred some narrators over others in various aspects such as knowledge, memorization, devotion, jurisprudence, piety, narration, and more. For example, he described Sufyān al-Thawrī as the most knowledgeable and superior narrator in an absolute sense. He preferred al-Fuḍayl ibn ʿIyāḍ in terms of piety, Maʿmar for narrations from al-Zuhrī, Abū Ḥanīfah in jurisprudence, and Abū Nuʿaym’s book in authenticity. He also used negative expressions to imply preference in some cases. He made comparative evaluations (al-mufāḍalah) among fourteen narrators from different regions and often compared a specific narrator with all others he knew. These acts of comparison reflect the depth of knowledge possessed by ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak, his mastery in the science of narrators (ʿIlm al-Rijāl), as well as his dedication to worship and practicing what he learned.
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