Metodologi Kritikan Sanad Riwayat Sirah: Satu Kajian Terhadap Akram Ḍiyā’ Al-ʿumarī Dalam Karyanya Al-Sīrah Al- Nabawiyyah Al-Ṣaḥīḥah
Methodology of Sanad Criticism: A Study on al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah al-Ṣaḥīḥah by Akram Ḍiyā’ al-Umarī
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33102/johs.v9i1.289Keywords:
Criticism on Sīrah Narration, Akram Ḍiyā’ al-ʿUmarī, al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah al-ṢaḥīḥahAbstract
Criticism (naqd) of hadith narrations is one of the ways to determine the authenticity of a hadith. This method has also been employed in the compilation of the Prophet's biography (sirah) by scholars in their work known as al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah. Through research conducted on this work, it was found that scholars critiqued certain narrations in the sirah based on two main aspects of hadith, namely the sanad (chain of narrators) and the matan (content). Therefore, this article constitutes a methodological analysis study of the scholars' use of criticism (naqd) solely from the perspective of the sanad in narrations of the sirah. It uses Akram Ḍiyā’ al-ʿUmarī, a contemporary scholar in the field of sirah and history, as a sample for the study through his work, al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah al-Ṣaḥīḥah. A qualitative research approach employing library analysis methods is utilized to extract the methodology employed by Akram Ḍiyā’ al-ʿUmarī in his criticism (naqd) of the sanad of sirah narrations and to analyze his criticism based on the recognized methods of Takhrīj al-Ḥadīth and al-Ḥukm ʿAlā al-Riwāyah, as established by hadith scholars. The results of this study show that Akram Ḍiyā’ al-ʿUmarī critiques the sanad of sirah narrations with a lenient approach towards accepting weak narrations, in accordance with the methodology proposed by hadith scholars.
Downloads
References
Al-Qur’ān al-Karīm.
Al-Albānī, Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn, (1992), Naṣb al-Majānīq li Nasf Qiṣṣah al-Gharānīq, (Damascus: al-Maktab al-Islāmī).
Al-Albānī, Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn, (1992), Silsilah al-Aḥādith al-Ḍaʿīfah wa al-Mawḍūʿah wa Atharuhā al-Sayyi’ fī al-Ummah, (Riyadh: Dār al-Maʿārif)
Al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad bin ʿAlī bin Ḥajar, (1969), Fatḥ al-Bārī Sharḥ Ṣaḥīh al-Bukhārī, taʿlīq: ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz bin Abdullāh bin Bāz, (Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifah).
Al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad bin ʿAlī bin Ḥajar, (1981), Lisān al-Mīzān, taḥqīq: Dāirah al-Maʿārif al-Niẓāmiyyah, (Beirut: Mu’assasah al-‘Aʿlamī li al-Maṭbūʿāt)
Al- ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad bin ʿAlī bin Ḥajar, (1969), Fatḥ al-Bārī Sharḥ Ṣaḥīh al-Bukhārī, taʿlīq: ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz bin Abdullāh bin Bāz, (Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifah)
Al-ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad bin ʿAlī, (1908), Tahdhīb al-Tahdhīb, (al-Hind: Maṭbaʿah Dāirah al-Maʿārif al-Niẓāmiyyah).
Al-ʿUmarī, Akram Ḍiyā’, (1983), al-Mujtamaʿ al-Madanī fī ʿAhd al-Nubuwwah Khaṣā’iṣuh wa Tanẓīmātuh al-Ūlā, (al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah: Universiti Islam Madinah).
Al-Baghdādī, Aḥmad bin ʿAlī, (1996), Tārīkh Baghdād wa Dhuyūlihi, taḥqīq: Musṭafā ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā, (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah).
Al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad bin Ismāʿīl, (2001), Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, taḥqīq: Jamāʿah min al-ʿUlamā’, (Beirut: Dār Ṭūq al-Najāh).
Al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad bin Ismā`īl, (2019), al-Tārīkh al-Kabīr, taḥqīq: Muḥammad bin Ṣālih, (al-Riyāḍ: al-Nāshir al-Mutamayyiz li al-Ṭibāʿah wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzīʿ).
Al-Dhahabī, Muḥammad bin Aḥmad, (1962), Mīzān al-Iʿtidāl fī Naqd al-Rijāl, taḥqīq: ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Bajāwī, (Beirut: Dār al-Maʿrifah li al-Ṭibāʿah wa al-Nashr).
Al-Dhahabī, Muḥammad bin Aḥmad, (1986), Dhikr Asmā’ Man Tukullima Fīh wa Huwa Muwaththaq, taḥqīq: Muḥammad Shukūr bin Maḥmūd al-Ḥājī Amrīr, (ʿAmmān: Maktabah al-Manar).
Al-Ghumārī, ʿAbdullāh bin Muḥammad, Murshid al-Ḥāir
Al-Ḥākim, Muḥammad bin ʿAbd Allāh, (1984), al-Madkhal Ilā al-Ṣaḥih, tahqīq: Rābīʿ Hādī ʿAmīr al-Madkhalī, (Beirut: Mu’assasah al-Risālah).
Al-Ḥākim, Muḥammad bin ʿAbd Allāh, (1990), al-Mustadrak ʿAlā al-Ṣaḥīḥayn, taḥqīq: Muṣṭafā ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā, (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah).
Al-Ḥalabī, ʿAlī bin Ibrāhīm, (2006), al-Sīrah al-Ḥalabiyyah = Insān al-‘Uyūn fī Sīrah al-Amīn al-Ma’mūn, (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah).
Al-Ḥanbalī, Zayn al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān bin Aḥmad bin Rajab bin al-Ḥasan, (1987), Sharḥ ʿIlal al-Tirmidhī, taḥqīq: Hammām ʿAbd al-Raḥīm Saʿīd. (ʿAmmān: Maktabah al-Manār).
Al-Khamlīsī, ʿAbd al-Hādi, Tafarrud al-Thiqah wa ‘Atharah fī Ṣihhah al-Ḥadīth: ta’ṣīl wa taṭbīq, https://www.edhh.org/wadiha/index.php/le-caractere-unique-de-la-confiance-et-son-impact-sur-la-validite-du-discours-enracinement-et-application
Al-Nahrawānī, ʿUmar bin Rūḥ, Juz’ min Ḥadīth Abī Bakr al-Nahrawāni, no. 9. http://hadith.islam-db.com/single-book/
Al-Shāmī, Muḥammad bin Yūsuf, (1993), Subul al-Hudā wa al-Rashād, taḥqīq: ʿĀdil Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Mawjūd & ʿAlī Muḥammad Muʿawwiḍ, (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah)
Al-Suyūtī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān bin Abī Bakr, al-Khaṣāiṣ al-Kubrā, (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah)
Al-Tabarānī, Sulaymān bin Aḥmad, (1995), al-Muʿjam al-Awsaṭ, taḥqīq: Abū Muʿādh Ṭāriq bin ʿAwḍ Allāh, (Cairo: Dār al-Ḥaramayn)
Al-Wāqidī, Muḥammad bin ʿUmar bin Wāqid, (1989), al-Maghāzī, taḥqīq: Marsden Jones, (Beirut: Dār al-Aʿlamī)
Al-Ziriklī, Khayr al-Dīn bin Maḥmud. (2002), al-Aʿlām, (Dār al-ʿIlm li al-Malāyīn)
Abū Dāud, Sulaymān bin al-Ashʿath, (1983), Suālāt Abī ʿUbaid al-Ājirī Abā Dāud al-Sijistānī fī al-Jarḥ wa al-Taʿdīl, taḥqīq: Muḥammad ʿAlī Qāsim al-ʿUmarī, (al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah: ʿImādah al-Baḥth al-ʿIlmī bī al-Jāmiah al-Islāmiyyah)
Abū Nuʿaym, Aḥmad bin ʿAbdullāh al-Aṣbahānī, (1984), al-Ḍuʿafā’, taḥqīq: Farūq Ḥamādah, (ʿAmmān: Dār al-Thaqāfah)
Abū Nuʿaym, Aḥmad bin ʿAbdullāh al-Aṣbahānī, (1983), Ḥilyah al-Awliyā’ wa Ṭabaqāt al-Aṣfiyā’, (Cairo: Maṭbaʿah al-Saʿādah)
Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal, (2001), Musnad Aḥmad, taḥqīq: Shuʿayb al-Arna’ūṭ, (Beirut: Mu’asasah al-Risālah)
Ibn Abī Ḥātim, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, (1952), al-Jarḥ wa al-Taʿdīl, (al-Hind: Ṭabʿah Majlis Dāirah al-Maʿārif al-ʿUthmāniyyah)
Ibn al-Jawzī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān bin ʿAlī, (1966), al-Mawḍūʿāt, taḥqīq: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Muḥammad ʿUthmān, (al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah: al-Maktabah al-Salafiyyah)
Ibn al-Jawzi,ʿAbd al-Raḥman bin ʿAlī, (1981), al-ʿIlal al-Mutanāhiyah fī al-Aḥādīth al-Wāhiyah, taḥqīq: Irshād al-Ḥaq al-Atharī, (Faisalabad: Idārah al-ʿUlūm al-Athariyah)
Ibn Ḥazm, ʿAlī bin Aḥmad bin Saʿīd, (1900), Jawāmiʿ al-Sīrah wa Khams Rasā’il Ukhrā, taḥqīq: Iḥsān ʿAbbās, (Cairo: Dār al-Maʿārif).
Ibn Ḥibbān, (2000), al-Majrūḥīn min al-Muḥadithīn, taḥqīq: Ḥamdī ʿAbd al-Majīd al-Salafī, (Riyadh: Dār al-Ṣumayʿī)
Ibn Hishām, ʿAbd al-Malik bin Hishām bin Ayyūb, (1955), al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah, taḥqīq: Ṭaha ʿAbd al-Raūf Saʿd, (Cairo: Sharikah al-Ṭibāʿah al-Fanniyyah al-Muttaḥidah)
Ibn Maʿīn, Abū Zakariyyā, (1979), al-Tārikh ʿAn Abī Zakariyyā Yaḥyā bin Maʿīn, taḥqīq: Aḥmad Muḥammad Nūr Saif, (Makkah al-Mukarramah: Markaz al-Baḥth al-ʿIlmī wa Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-‘Islāmī)
Ibn Manẓūr, Muḥammad bin Mukrim, (1984), Mukhtaṣar Tārīkh Dimashq, taḥqīq: Rūḥiah al-Nuḥās, Riyāḍ ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd, Muḥammad Maṭīʿ, (Damascus: Dār al-Fikr)
Ibn al-Mulaqqin, ʿUmar bin ʿAlī, (1991), Mukhtaṣar Talkhīs al-Dhahabī, taḥqīq: Saʿd bin ʿAbd Allāh, (Riyadh: Dār al-ʿĀṣimah)
Al-Wādiʿī, Muqbil bin Hādī, (1999), Tarājum Rijāl al-Dāraquṭnī fī Sunanih, (Sanaa: Dār al-Āthār)
Ibn Saʿd, Abū Abd Allāh Muḥammad, (1990), al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrā, taḥqīq: Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Qādir ʿAṭā, (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah)
Ibn Taymiyyah, Aḥmad bin ʿAbd al-Ḥalīm, (2001), Qaʿidah Jalīlah fī al-Tawassul wa al-Wasīlah, taḥqīq: Rabīʿ bin Hādī ʿUmayr al-Madkhalī, (Ajman: Maktabah al-Furqān)
Ibn al-Qayyim, Muḥammad bin Abū Bakr, (1970), al-Manār al-Munīf fī al-Ṣaḥih wa al-Ḍaʿīf, taḥqīq: ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ Abū Ghuddah, (Ḥalab: Maktabah al-Maṭbūʿāt al-Islāmiyyah)
Mālik, bin Anas, (2004), al-Muwaṭṭa’, taḥqīq: Muḥammad Muṣṭafā al-Aʿẓamī, (United Arab Emirates: The Zayed bin Sultan al-Nihyān Charitable & Humanitrian Foundation)
Muslim, bin al-Ḥajjāj, (2002), Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, taḥqīq: Muḥammad Fu’ād ʿAbd al-Bāqī, (Cairo: Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī)
Ṣaqr, Shaḥātah Muḥammad, Kashf Shubuḥāt al-Ṣūfiyyah, (Beheira: Maktabah Dār al-ʿUlūm)
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of this article will be vested to author(s) and granted the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, unless otherwise stated.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
